【科普】炎热天气，警惕马蜂蜇伤
<!----><style type="text/css">html{font-size:375%}</style><link href="https://pic.app.jiuquhe.com/static/publish/css/style.css?v=20240712" rel="stylesheet" position="1" data-qf-origin="/static/publish/css/style.css?v=20240712"><!-- 付费贴--> <div class="preview_article "> <!----> <section style="font-size: 16px;"><section class="mp_profile_iframe_wrp"></section><section><section><section style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px; display: none; line-height: 0px;">‍</span></section></section></section><section><header style="letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; white-space: normal; margin: 0.32rem; background-color: #ffffff; overflow-wrap: break-word; caret-color: #000000; color: #000000; font-family: MyFont; font-size: 15.6px;"></header><section><section><section><section><section><p> </p><section><section style="margin: 10px auto; display: flex; flex-direction: column;"><section style="width: 16px; height: 16px; border-radius: 100%; background-image: linear-gradient(#a4e3ff, #5e8dea); background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; margin-left: 25px; margin-bottom: -8px; z-index: 5;"><section style="width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 100%; background-color: #ffffff; overflow: hidden;"></section></section><section style="background-image: linear-gradient(#a4e3ff, #5e8dea); background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; border-radius: 20px; padding: 1px;"><section style="background-color: #ffffff; padding: 15px 10px; border-radius: 20px;"><section style="line-height: 1.75em; letter-spacing: 1.5px; font-size: 14px; color: #333333; background-color: transparent;"><p> <span style="font-size: 15px;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px;"> 近日，资阳市人民医院重症医学科接收了一名重症的马蜂蛰伤的患者。该患者是外出散步时被数十只马蜂蜇伤头面部，当时就出现头面部肿胀、行走不稳、恶心的症状，但由于患者及家属未引起重视，直到第二天患者病情加重，反应迟钝，才意识到严重性，由120转送至我院重症监护室。由于延误了疾病的诊治时机，入院检查时患者已经出现了多器官功能障碍（肝脏、肾脏、呼吸、凝血等)的表现。</span></p><p><img style="vertical-align: baseline;" src="https://pic.app.jiuquhe.com/FuO5NIeGvqy1ONz7HjvNrbU0aljE" /><span style="font-size: 15px;"> 此名患者正是被凶猛的马蜂所伤。当马蜂感觉受到威胁，就会群起而攻之，而且它会持续多次攻击目标，给人畜带来不小的伤害；夏季炎热，这期间马蜂宝宝也长大了，是蜂群发展的巅峰时期，同时夏季天气燥热，让马蜂更具有攻击性；夏季时，人穿的衣服又少又薄，更容易被马蜂攻击；因此，在夏季，我们应避免接近蜂巢，遭受不必要的蛰伤。</span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" src="https://pic.app.jiuquhe.com/FqOKvs9qx-YopbDuLaMKTBw1X0Ee" /></p></section></section></section><section style="width: 16px; height: 16px; border-radius: 100%; background-image: linear-gradient(#a4e3ff, #5e8dea); background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; margin-left: auto; margin-top: -8px; margin-right: 25px; z-index: 5;"><section style="width: 14px; height: 14px; border-radius: 100%; background-color: #ffffff; overflow: hidden;"></section></section></section></section><section><section style="margin: 20px auto;"><section style="display: flex; justify-content: center;"><section><section style="display: flex; justify-content: center;"><section style="font-size: 20px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; color: #d0e9e6; text-align: center;"><strong>PART</strong><strong>0</strong><strong title="">1</strong></section></section><section style="background-image: linear-gradient(to right, #fffdf6, #ffdd65, #fffdf6); background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; padding-bottom: 3px;"><section style="background-image: linear-gradient(to right, #eff8f7, #53b2a6, #eff8f7); background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; font-size: 20px; color: #ffffff; text-align: center; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 5px 30px;"><strong>马蜂蜇伤的危害</strong></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei;"> 一是过敏反应。常发生在蛰伤后的数分钟到数小时内，表现为全身皮肤瘙痒、荨麻疹、喉头水肿、呼吸困难、心动过速等，不及时救治会导致过敏性休克、呼吸循环衰竭等症状。</span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" style="width: 483px; height: 382px;" src="https://pic.app.jiuquhe.com/Fnutxk8SaubKSU12MmzJyb773KFQ" /></p><p style="text-align: left;"> </p><p><span style="font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei;"> </span><span style="caret-color: red; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei;">二是多器官功能衰竭。</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: red; font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei;">神经系统：蜂毒可以诱发脑炎、脑血管意外，从而出现意识障碍、头晕、头痛等表现；</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px; caret-color: red; font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei;">呼吸系统：表现为气促、喘息、呼吸困难，疾病持续进展可能出现急性呼吸窘迫综合征；</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px; caret-color: red; font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei;">循环系统：可出现心悸、胸闷、胸痛等症状，可能因过敏反应引起冠脉痉挛、低血压休克及毒素直接损伤心肌细胞等；</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px; caret-color: red; font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei;">消化系统：轻者常表现为恶心、呕吐、腹胀、腹泻；重者则出现呕血、黑便、黄疸、柏油样便等。蜂毒所致胃肠道蠕动加快、肠道平滑肌痉挛、胃肠道血管扩张出血等，同时大剂量激素冲击也是导致消化道出血的常见原因。蜂毒对肝脏的损伤，临床上主要表现为肝区肿大、胀痛、黄疸，严重者甚至出现肝性昏迷或急性肝衰竭。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px; caret-color: red; font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei;">血液系统：非螫伤部位的皮下出血点、瘀斑、呕血、便血和血尿等，可出现凝血功能异常、间接胆红素明显升高，甚至类白血病反应。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px; caret-color: red; font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei;">泌尿系统：早期会出现尿液颜色及尿量的改变。一般早期因出现血尿及蛋白尿而表现为尿液颜色的异常，如茶色、酱油色、洗肉水样，甚至尿液中出现大量渣样物沉积，多考虑由螫伤后急性血管内溶血、横纹肌溶解引起。随病情进展，则会出现进行性少尿及无尿，同时肌酐、尿素氮水平也会显著升高，若治疗不及时，肾功能损害将呈不可逆性进展。</span></p><p> </p><section><section style="margin: 20px auto;"><section style="display: flex; justify-content: center;"><section><section style="display: flex; justify-content: center;"><section style="font-size: 20px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; color: #d0e9e6; text-align: center;"><strong>PART</strong><strong>0</strong><strong title="">2</strong></section></section><section style="background-image: linear-gradient(to right, #fffdf6, #ffdd65, #fffdf6); background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; padding-bottom: 3px;"><section style="background-image: linear-gradient(to right, #eff8f7, #53b2a6, #eff8f7); background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; font-size: 20px; color: #ffffff; text-align: center; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 5px 30px;"><strong>如何预防马蜂蜇伤</strong></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><span style="font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei;"> 在户外运动时避免穿着色泽鲜艳、黑色的衣服，建议穿白色、绿色、卡其色服装。发现马蜂时不要奔跑、鞭打或扑打，保持静止，最好等它飞走以后再离开。</span></p><p><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.034em;"> 避免使用含香味的防晒霜、香水等。保管好食物和饮料，避免含糖和甜味饮料外露。被<span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei; letter-spacing: 0.51px; text-wrap: wrap;">马</span>蜂蜇伤后数分钟到24小时，尤其是6小时内，是早期救治的关键期。一旦被马蜂蜇伤，应尽早处理。</span></p><p> </p><section><section style="margin: 20px auto;"><section style="display: flex; justify-content: center;"><section><section style="display: flex; justify-content: center;"><section style="font-size: 20px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; color: #d0e9e6; text-align: center;"><strong>PART</strong><strong>0</strong><strong title="">3</strong></section></section><section style="background-image: linear-gradient(to right, #fffdf6, #ffdd65, #fffdf6); background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; padding-bottom: 3px;"><section style="background-image: linear-gradient(to right, #eff8f7, #53b2a6, #eff8f7); background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; font-size: 20px; color: #ffffff; text-align: center; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 5px 30px;"><strong>蜂蜇伤急救处理</strong></section></section></section></section></section></section><p> </p><p style="text-align: center;" draggable="true"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei;">清除蜇刺</span></strong></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei;"> 检查有无蜇刺残留，可用镊子拔出、小针挑拨、胶布粘贴等方法取出蜂刺，有条件的可用吸奶器或拔火罐吸出毒汁。注意不要挤压患处，以免将蜂毒挤入深层组织，加重中毒。</span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei;">清洗伤处</span></strong></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei;"> 蜜蜂的毒液呈酸性，可选择肥皂水、碳酸氢钠等碱性液体冲洗或湿敷伤口。马蜂的毒液偏碱性，可选择食醋等酸性液体冲洗或湿敷伤口。尽量判断蜇人的是毛茸茸的小蜜蜂还是凶猛的马蜂。如果实在不清楚蜂种，就用流动清水冲洗伤口。此外，冰敷伤口可减轻局部不适感。</span></p><p><img style="vertical-align: baseline;" src="https://pic.app.jiuquhe.com/FuO5NIeGvqy1ONz7HjvNrbU0aljE" /><span style="font-size: 15px; font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei;"> </span><span style="font-size: 15px; caret-color: red; font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei;">当被群蜂蜇伤或被单只蜂蜇伤，应立即就近送医。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px; caret-color: red; font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: center;" draggable="true"><span style="font-size: 15px;">供稿：肾脏内科 秦秀</span></p></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px; text-wrap: wrap; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible;"><section style="margin-bottom: unset; outline: 0px;"><section style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; outline: 0px;"><section style="margin-right: 20px; margin-bottom: -5px; margin-left: 20px; outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 2px; line-height: 1.75;"><section style="margin-bottom: 24px; outline: 0px;"><section style="outline: 0px; font-family: 微软雅黑; visibility: visible;"><section style="outline: 0px; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; border: 0px none initial;"><section style="outline: 0px; color: #000000; text-align: start; visibility: visible;"><section style="margin: 10px auto; padding: 10px; outline: 0px; text-align: center; visibility: visible;"><section style="padding: 6px; outline: 0px; box-shadow: #fd9999 0px 0px 8px; border-radius: 10px; background: #fefefe; visibility: visible;"><section style="outline: 0px; border-radius: 10px; background-image: url('https://pic.app.jiuquhe.com/FoNdG6cm0CS-m2NnqkSzp51_d3zz'); background-size: 30px; background-position: 100% 100%; background-repeat: no-repeat; visibility: visible; border: 1px dashed #fa7e7e;"><section style="padding: 1em; outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 1.5px; color: #fb485d; visibility: visible;"><p style="text-align: center;"> </p><p style="outline: 0px; text-align: center; visibility: visible;"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" style="outline: 0px; border-radius: 8px; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-color: #eeedeb; background-size: 22px; display: initial; height: 76.5958px !important; visibility: visible !important; color: transparent !important; width: 78px !important; border: 1px solid #eeedeb;" src="https://pic.app.jiuquhe.com/FoeEyJvQAZLs6Ed7kcDLVoudRtiw" width="78" height="77" /></p><p style="outline: 0px; text-align: center; visibility: visible;"> </p><p style="outline: 0px; text-align: center; visibility: visible;">国家三级甲等综合医院</p><p style="outline: 0px; text-align: center; visibility: visible;"> </p><p style="outline: 0px; text-align: center; visibility: visible;"> </p><p style="outline: 0px; text-align: left; visibility: visible;">预约电话：028-26782095</p><p style="outline: 0px; text-align: left; visibility: visible;"> </p><p style="outline: 0px; text-align: left; visibility: visible;">医院地址：<span style="outline: 0px; font-size: 12px; visibility: visible;">资阳市雁江区车城大道三段576号</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; text-align: left; visibility: visible;"> </p><p style="outline: 0px; text-align: left; visibility: visible;">医院官网：http://www.zysrmyy.com</p><p style="outline: 0px; text-align: left; visibility: visible;"> </p><p style="outline: 0px; text-align: left; visibility: visible;"><span style="outline: 0px; text-indent: 43px; visibility: visible;">乘车路线：乘坐1路、4路、7路、8路或11路公交车到资阳市人民医院站下。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px; text-align: center; visibility: visible;"> </p><p style="outline: 0px; text-align: left; visibility: visible;"> </p><section class="mp_profile_iframe_wrp" style="outline: 0px;"></section><p style="outline: 0px; text-align: center;">微信公众号二维码</p><p style="outline: 0px; text-align: center;">（挂号缴费）</p><p style="outline: 0px; text-align: center;"> </p><section class="mp_profile_iframe_wrp" style="outline: 0px;"></section><p style="outline: 0px; text-align: center;">微信订阅号二维码</p><p style="outline: 0px; text-align: center;">（健康科普知识）</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="display: none;"> </p></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="display: none;"> </p> <!----></div> 要注意了哦 避免接进蜂巢 勉遭不必要的蛰伤 秋季正是马蜂疯狂的时节，注意防范 感谢分享
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