外卖骑手、主播、网约车司机算不算公司员工？认准这几点！丨“天府小妹微普法” 第290期
<!----><style type="text/css">html{font-size:375%}</style><link href="https://pic.app.jiuquhe.com/static/publish/css/style.css?v=20240712" rel="stylesheet" position="1" data-qf-origin="/static/publish/css/style.css?v=20240712"><!-- 付费贴--> <div class="preview_article "> <!----> <section><p style="text-align: center;"> </p><section><section style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; margin-bottom: 0px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; visibility: visible;"><section style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; margin-bottom: 24px; outline: 0px; color: #222222; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;"><section style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; padding: 10px; outline: 0px; background-color: #b3d5db; visibility: visible; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;"><section style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; outline: 0px; visibility: visible; border: 0px none initial;"><section style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; outline: 0px; text-align: center; color: #ffffff; visibility: visible;"><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; outline: 0px; visibility: visible; font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei; letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 14px;">学法守法，构建和谐家庭</span></p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; outline: 0px; visibility: visible; font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei; letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 14px;">这里是四川省妇联联合</span></p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; outline: 0px; visibility: visible; font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei; letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 14px;">省委全面依法治省办，省司法厅，省妇儿工委办</span></p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; outline: 0px; visibility: visible; font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei; letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 14px;">打造的<span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; outline: 0px; color: #31859b; visibility: visible;"><strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; outline: 0px; visibility: visible;">『天府小妹微普法』</strong></span>栏目</span></p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; outline: 0px; visibility: visible; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; outline: 0px; font-size: 14px; visibility: visible;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 1px; color: #31859b; visibility: visible; font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei;"><strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; outline: 0px; visibility: visible;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; outline: 0px; visibility: visible;">第</span></strong></span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; outline: 0px; text-indent: 0em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible;">290</span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 1px; color: #31859b; visibility: visible; font-family: 微软雅黑, Microsoft YaHei;"><strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; outline: 0px; visibility: visible;">期</strong></span></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center; padding: 0px 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">近年来，直播、外卖、网约车等</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">新业态蓬勃发展</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">不少用人单位</p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #ff8124; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">却以合作协议、劳务合同替代劳动合同</strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #ff8124; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">试图规避社保、加班费、工伤赔偿等法定责任</strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #ff8124; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">让劳动者陷入维权困境</strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">但法律认定劳动关系不只看合同名称</p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">更看用工本质</p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">只要符合支配性劳动管理</p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">即便签了“合作协议”</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">依然受法律全面保护</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="text-align: justify; white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">近日，广东省广州市中级人民法院审结一起劳动争议案。孙某入职广州一家服饰公司当专属主播，公司与她签订一份《合作协议》，特意写明“无劳动关系”，双方就是否构成劳动关系意见不一并诉至法院。法院经审理后判决：双方存在劳动关系，公司需支付未签订劳动合同二倍工资差额1.6万余元。</p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="text-align: justify; white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">这个案件的关键点在于，劳动关系如何认定？</strong>法院的判决清晰传达：认定劳动关系不能只看合同名字，得看用工本质。公司安排孙某直播带货属于公司的核心业务；公司对孙某进行排班、考勤，实施了支配性的日常管理；公司按月向孙某发固定底薪——公司对孙某构成支配性劳动管理，应当认定双方存在劳动关系。</p></section><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><section style="text-align: center; justify-content: center; display: flex; flex-flow: row; margin: 10px 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: auto; vertical-align: top; align-self: stretch; flex: 0 0 auto; background-color: #f6f6f6; margin: 0px; min-width: 5%; max-width: 100%; height: auto; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="justify-content: center; display: flex; flex-flow: row; margin: 0px 0px -10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; vertical-align: top; align-self: flex-start; flex: 0 0 auto; padding: 7px 13px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: flex; width: 100%; flex-flow: column; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="z-index: 1; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="color: #000000; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一、劳动合同、劳务合同、合作协议，</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">有什么区别？</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left; justify-content: flex-start; display: flex; flex-flow: row; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 50%; align-self: flex-start; flex: 0 0 auto; line-height: 0; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 0px; vertical-align: top; overflow: hidden; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) #cf413d #cf413d; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 50%; align-self: flex-start; flex: 0 0 auto; line-height: 0; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: perspective(0px); -webkit-transform: perspective(0px); -moz-transform: perspective(0px); -o-transform: perspective(0px); transform-style: flat; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateY(180deg); -webkit-transform: rotateY(180deg); -moz-transform: rotateY(180deg); -o-transform: rotateY(180deg); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 0px; vertical-align: top; overflow: hidden; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) #cf413d #cf413d; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: #d61820; height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><section style="padding: 0px 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">这三种合同名字相近，法律性质却各异。弄清楚它们的区别，是保护自身权益的第一步。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #ff8124; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">1.劳动合同——劳动者的“权利保障书”</strong></span></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">签订劳动合同后，劳动者就成为用人单位的成员，必须遵守单位的规章制度（如考勤、奖惩），接受日常管理，获取稳定报酬。同时，用人单位必须依法为劳动者缴纳社保、支付加班费、保障带薪年休假等法定福利。总而言之，签订了劳动合同，劳动者就是单位的“自己人”，为公司付出自身劳动，单位对劳动者负有全面的法律责任。</p></section><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><section style="padding: 0px 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" style="height: auto !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 661px !important;" src="https://pic.app.jiuquhe.com/20260917/17896128816307612569.png" alt="图片" /></section><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #ff8124; box-sizing: border-box;">2.劳务合同——平等主体之间的“劳务交换协议”</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">双方地位平等，不存在管理与被管理的关系。提供劳务的一方自主安排工作时间、方式，无需打卡考勤，也不受对方规章制度的约束。比如请家政阿姨上门打扫，就是典型的劳务关系。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #ff8124; box-sizing: border-box;">3.合作协议——市场主体之间的“合伙契约”</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br />双方共同出资、共享收益、共担风险，以完成特定项目为目标。比如两家公司合伙开发一款软件，或者几个人合伙开一家店，赚了钱按约定分成，赔了钱一起扛。这里面，没有管理与被管理、上下级从属关系，也没有“老板”和“员工”，只有“合伙人”。</p></section><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><section style="text-align: center; justify-content: center; display: flex; flex-flow: row; margin: 10px 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: auto; vertical-align: top; align-self: stretch; flex: 0 0 auto; background-color: #f6f6f6; margin: 0px; min-width: 5%; max-width: 100%; height: auto; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="justify-content: center; display: flex; flex-flow: row; margin: 0px 0px -10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; vertical-align: top; align-self: flex-start; flex: 0 0 auto; padding: 7px 13px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: flex; width: 100%; flex-flow: column; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="z-index: 1; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="color: #000000; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二、新业态从业者怎么认定劳动关系？</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">别看合同名，看“三属性”</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left; justify-content: flex-start; display: flex; flex-flow: row; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 50%; align-self: flex-start; flex: 0 0 auto; line-height: 0; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 0px; vertical-align: top; overflow: hidden; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) #d61820 #d61820; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 50%; align-self: flex-start; flex: 0 0 auto; line-height: 0; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: perspective(0px); -webkit-transform: perspective(0px); -moz-transform: perspective(0px); -o-transform: perspective(0px); transform-style: flat; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateY(180deg); -webkit-transform: rotateY(180deg); -moz-transform: rotateY(180deg); -o-transform: rotateY(180deg); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 0px; vertical-align: top; overflow: hidden; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) #d61820 #d61820; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: #d61820; height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><section style="padding: 0px 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">随着新业态的迅猛发展，很多人成了“平台上的打工人”。可个别公司总想方设法把劳动关系包装成“合作”或“劳务”，试图规避用人单位责任。该如何“撕开伪装”，<span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">核心就看</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">劳动者与用人单位之间</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">是否存在支配性劳动管理，即劳动者与用人单位之间</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">存在较强的人格从属性、经济从属性、组织从属性。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #ff8124; box-sizing: border-box;">1.人格从属性</span></strong><br /><br /><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">直白来说，就是劳动者得听单位的。</strong>外卖骑手要打卡、接受派单、限时送达；主播要接受排班、播满时长、按话术直播；网约车司机要遵守平台规则、接受接单率考核……这些都是用人单位对劳动者行使管理权。劳动者原则上都应服从单位的指挥和安排。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #ff8124; box-sizing: border-box;">2.经济从属性</span></strong><br /><br /><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">劳动者的收入是不是“靠单位吃饭”。</strong>真正的合作关系中，合作者需自行承担成本、自负盈亏；而劳动者即便公司亏损，底薪也应照常发放，这就是核心区别。主播的“底薪+提成”、骑手的计件报酬、销售的绩效奖金，只要按月稳定发放，法律上就认定为劳动报酬，单位不能以“服务费”“分成”等名义否认。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #ff8124; box-sizing: border-box;">3.组织从属性</span></strong><br /><br /><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">劳动者干的活，是不是单位的核心业务。</strong>主播直播带货、骑手送外卖、快递员派件等，这些都是对应公司或平台的核心业务。如果劳动者使用单位的账号、设备、货源等资源，以单位名义开展工作，劳动成果直接为单位创造收益，那么劳动者就不再是独立的第三方，而是单位运营体系中不可或缺的一部分。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">只要构成支配性劳动管理，</strong>别管合同怎么写，法律就会认定存在劳动关系，劳动者就有权主张劳动法赋予的合法权益。</p></section><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><section style="text-align: center; justify-content: center; display: flex; flex-flow: row; margin: 10px 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: auto; vertical-align: top; align-self: stretch; flex: 0 0 auto; background-color: #f6f6f6; margin: 0px; min-width: 5%; max-width: 100%; height: auto; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left; justify-content: flex-start; display: flex; flex-flow: row; margin: 0px 0px -10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; vertical-align: top; align-self: flex-start; flex: 0 0 auto; padding: 7px 13px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: flex; width: 100%; flex-flow: column; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="z-index: 1; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify; color: #000000; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">三、新业态劳动者常见的法律问题</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left; justify-content: flex-start; display: flex; flex-flow: row; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 50%; align-self: flex-start; flex: 0 0 auto; line-height: 0; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 0px; vertical-align: top; overflow: hidden; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) #d61820 #d61820; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 50%; align-self: flex-start; flex: 0 0 auto; line-height: 0; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: perspective(0px); -webkit-transform: perspective(0px); -moz-transform: perspective(0px); -o-transform: perspective(0px); transform-style: flat; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateY(180deg); -webkit-transform: rotateY(180deg); -moz-transform: rotateY(180deg); -o-transform: rotateY(180deg); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 0px; vertical-align: top; overflow: hidden; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) #d61820 #d61820; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: #d61820; height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><section style="padding: 0px 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #ff8124; box-sizing: border-box;">1.法定节假日加班无三倍报酬</span></strong><br /><br />法定节假日提供劳动，用人单位应按不低于日工资300%支付报酬；休息日加班未安排补休的，按200%支付报酬。工作日延时加班的，按150%支付报酬。外卖骑手、主播等新业态劳动者同样适用。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #ff8124; box-sizing: border-box;">2.平台随意扣款</span></strong><br /><br />扣款必须有合法依据和明确约定，不得随意以“差评”“拒单”为由超额扣款。扣款后实际到手工资不得低于最低工资标准，且劳动者有权要求平台出具扣款明细。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #ff8124; box-sizing: border-box;">3.支付周期延长</span></strong><br /><br />劳动关系下劳动者的工资需按月足额支付，不得以“项目结算”等理由进行拖延。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p></section><section style="padding: 0px 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" style="height: auto !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 661px !important;" src="https://pic.app.jiuquhe.com/20260917/17896128836336897225.jpeg" alt="图片" /></section><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #ff8124; box-sizing: border-box;">4.工作时间“超时”</span></strong><br /><br />劳动法规定，劳动者每日工作时长不得超8小时，每周累计不超40小时，不得以“派单量”“接单率”变相强制“超长待机”，超时工作需依法支付加班费，每月加班时长不得超36小时。且劳动者享有法定休息权，公司不得剥夺休息日、法定节假日。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #ff8124; box-sizing: border-box;">5.社保未缴</span></strong><br /><br />一旦认定为劳动关系，平台或公司须依法缴纳五险一金，不得以“合作”“劳务”名义规避。未参保的，劳动者可要求补缴或通过仲裁等渠道维权。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #ff8124; box-sizing: border-box;">6.工作中受伤</span></strong><br /><br />构成劳动关系的，工作中受伤（如骑手送餐摔伤等）可认定为工伤，享受工伤保险待遇。用人单位未参保的，由单位承担全部赔偿责任。此外，对于尚不构成劳动关系的新就业形态人员，但已通过平台注册接单，或者以平台企业名义提供出行、即时配送和同城货运等劳动并获得报酬、收入的，平台企业应为其缴纳职业伤害保障费。</p></section><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><section style="text-align: center; justify-content: center; display: flex; flex-flow: row; margin: 10px 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: auto; vertical-align: top; align-self: stretch; flex: 0 0 auto; background-color: #f6f6f6; margin: 0px; min-width: 5%; max-width: 100%; height: auto; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left; justify-content: flex-start; display: flex; flex-flow: row; margin: 0px 0px -10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; vertical-align: top; align-self: flex-start; flex: 0 0 auto; padding: 7px 13px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: flex; width: 100%; flex-flow: column; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="z-index: 1; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify; color: #000000; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">四、五大常见“忽悠话术”，千万别上当！</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left; justify-content: flex-start; display: flex; flex-flow: row; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 50%; align-self: flex-start; flex: 0 0 auto; line-height: 0; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 0px; vertical-align: top; overflow: hidden; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) #d61820 #d61820; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 50%; align-self: flex-start; flex: 0 0 auto; line-height: 0; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: perspective(0px); -webkit-transform: perspective(0px); -moz-transform: perspective(0px); -o-transform: perspective(0px); transform-style: flat; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateY(180deg); -webkit-transform: rotateY(180deg); -moz-transform: rotateY(180deg); -o-transform: rotateY(180deg); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 0px; vertical-align: top; overflow: hidden; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) #d61820 #d61820; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: #d61820; height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><section style="padding: 0px 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">在实际工作中，一些公司会用一些话术来欺骗、忽悠劳动者，当听到这些话时，可要当心了——</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #ff8124; box-sizing: border-box;">忽悠1：签了《合作协议》，就不是员工</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">正解：</strong>合同名字就是个“帽子”，法律看的是“里子”——实际怎么管、怎么发钱、干的什么活。只要构成支配性劳动管理，签什么合同都掩盖不了劳动关系存在的事实。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #ff8124; box-sizing: border-box;">忽悠2：有提成、多劳多得，那就是合作关系</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">正解：</strong>提成、绩效本来就是劳动报酬的一种形式。销售岗位的正式员工，都是底薪加提成，他们也都和公司存在劳动关系，这跟合作关系没有任何关系。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #ff8124; box-sizing: border-box;">忽悠3：报酬不叫“工资”，叫“服务费”，就不是劳动报酬</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">正解：</strong>名字可以随便起，关键看怎么发——是不是按月固定发？有没有保底？是不是按工时或任务量计算？如果是，那就是劳动报酬，换什么“马甲”都掩盖不了。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #ff8124; box-sizing: border-box;">忽悠4：新业态是灵活用工，不构成劳动关系</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">正解：</strong>“灵活”只是工作形式更自由一些（比如不用坐班、可以抢单），但它否定不了“被管理”的本质。劳动者接受单位考勤、按月领薪、干的是主营业务，就有可能与单位形成了劳动关系。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #ff8124; box-sizing: border-box;">忽悠5：劳动者可以自己安排工作内容，所以没被单位管</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">正解：</strong>单位只要控制了劳动者的核心工作（如考勤、时长、任务量、奖惩规则），就算劳动者有一些小自由（比如可以短暂暂停接单休息），也属于实质性管理。法律认可“细节自由”，但更看重“核心控制”。</p></section><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><section style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" style="height: auto !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 677px !important;" src="https://pic.app.jiuquhe.com/20260917/17896128856305665216.png" alt="图片" /></section><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><section style="text-align: center; justify-content: center; display: flex; flex-flow: row; margin: 10px 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: auto; vertical-align: top; align-self: stretch; flex: 0 0 auto; background-color: #f6f6f6; margin: 0px; min-width: 5%; max-width: 100%; height: auto; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left; justify-content: flex-start; display: flex; flex-flow: row; margin: 0px 0px -10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; vertical-align: top; align-self: flex-start; flex: 0 0 auto; padding: 7px 13px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: flex; width: 100%; flex-flow: column; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="z-index: 1; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify; color: #000000; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">五、遇到“假合作、真用工”，这样维权！</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left; justify-content: flex-start; display: flex; flex-flow: row; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 50%; align-self: flex-start; flex: 0 0 auto; line-height: 0; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 0px; vertical-align: top; overflow: hidden; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) #d61820 #d61820; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 50%; align-self: flex-start; flex: 0 0 auto; line-height: 0; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: perspective(0px); -webkit-transform: perspective(0px); -moz-transform: perspective(0px); -o-transform: perspective(0px); transform-style: flat; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateY(180deg); -webkit-transform: rotateY(180deg); -moz-transform: rotateY(180deg); -o-transform: rotateY(180deg); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 0px; vertical-align: top; overflow: hidden; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) #d61820 #d61820; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: #d61820; height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><section style="padding: 0px 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">如果劳动者与用人单位签的是“合作协议”“劳务合同”等，但实际上又符合劳动关系的构成条件，在被无故辞退、拖欠工资、没交社保、乱扣钱的情况下，请勇敢拿起法律武器保护自己。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #ff8124; box-sizing: border-box;">第一步：留证据</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">证据是维权的“命根子”。建议按这五类来收集：</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">管理类：</strong>考勤表、排班表、派单记录、工作群聊天记录、请假审批、奖惩通知等。这些能证明“单位在管你”。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">报酬类：</strong>工资条、银行流水、转账记录、核算明细等。重点标出固定发放的部分，证明“单位给你发钱”。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">身份类：</strong>工牌、工服、平台工号、入职登记表、培训记录、单位对外宣传有你名字的材料。证明“你是他们的人”。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">业务类：</strong>工作记录、服务凭证、单位账号或设备使用记录、客户沟通记录等。证明“你干的是单位的活”。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">纠纷类：</strong>辞退通知、协商聊天记录、欠薪凭证、扣薪通知。证明“权益被侵害”。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">另外还有个小技巧，建议所有证据用“纸质+电子”双备份，聊天记录千万别删，银行流水尽量导出PDF。证据越全，维权的胜算越大。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #ff8124; box-sizing: border-box;">第二步：先协商，留好记录</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">证据整理好之后，可以试着和单位沟通，明确提出诉求：确认劳动关系、补缴社保、支付欠薪、违法辞退的赔偿金等。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">沟通时尽量用微信、邮件等可以留痕的方式。如果达成一致，一定要签书面协议，写明什么时候给钱、办手续。如果对方不认或者拖延，就进入下一步。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #ff8124; box-sizing: border-box;">第三步：找劳动部门或申请仲裁</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">投诉：</strong>可以去单位所在地的劳动保障监察部门投诉，适合快速处理欠薪、社保等问题，这个途径比较快。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">劳动仲裁：</strong>这是确认劳动关系的主要途径。去当地劳动人事争议仲裁委员会申请仲裁，不收费。可以同时要求确认劳动关系、支付欠薪、未签合同的二倍工资、违法辞退赔偿等。申请时需要提交：仲裁申请书、身份证复印件、单位工商信息（可以在“国家企业信用信息公示系统”查到）、证据材料。然后按时参加仲裁庭审就行。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #ff8124; box-sizing: border-box;">第四步：不服仲裁，去人民法院起诉</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">如果对仲裁结果不满意，可以在收到裁决书15天内向人民法院提起诉讼。法院会重新审查证据，最终认定是不是劳动关系。虽然这一步比仲裁慢一些，但也是最权威的终局救济。</p></section><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><section style="text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">新业态不是“法外之地”</p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">用人单位灵活用工不能突破法律底线</p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">与其花心思钻空子</p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">不如规范用工、合法经营</p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">从提升公司品牌形象和用户口碑方面下功夫</p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">动歪心思钻法律空子不仅需要赔钱</p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">还丢了公司信誉</p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p>而每一位劳动者</p><p>不管你签的合同叫什么名字</p><p>只要按月领薪、接受管理</p><p>认认真真工作</p><p>法律就会站在你这一边，为你撑腰</p><section style="line-height: 2; box-sizing: border-box; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; text-align: justify; font-size: 16px; color: #3e3e3e;"><section style="text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img" style="display: inline-block; font-size: 22px; width: 1em; height: auto; vertical-align: middle; background-size: 1em; background-repeat: no-repeat; margin-top: -0.2em;" src="https://pic.app.jiuquhe.com/20260917/17896128876328921518.png" alt="图片" /><img class="rich_pages wxw-img" style="display: inline-block; font-size: 22px; width: 1em; height: auto; vertical-align: middle; background-size: 1em; background-repeat: no-repeat; margin-top: -0.2em;" src="https://pic.app.jiuquhe.com/20260917/17896128876328921518.png" alt="图片" /><img class="rich_pages wxw-img" style="display: inline-block; font-size: 22px; width: 1em; height: auto; vertical-align: middle; background-size: 1em; background-repeat: no-repeat; margin-top: -0.2em;" src="https://pic.app.jiuquhe.com/20260917/17896128876328921518.png" alt="图片" /></p></section></section></section><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.578px; text-wrap: wrap; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-indent: 24px; outline: 0px; color: #222222; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="text-wrap: wrap; text-align: left; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 12px; outline: 0px; color: #888888; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 12px; outline: 0px; color: #888888; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 2em;"> 来</span></span><span style="text-wrap: wrap; text-align: left; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff; line-height: 1.5em; text-indent: 2em; outline: 0px; color: #888888; letter-spacing: normal; font-size: 12px;"><span style="text-wrap: wrap; text-align: left; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 12px; outline: 0px; color: #888888; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 2em;">源</span><span style="text-wrap: wrap; text-align: left; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 12px; outline: 0px; color: #888888; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 2em;">：最高人民法院</span></span></section><p style="display: none;"> </p> <!----></div>
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